Rental income tax by country
The headline rate of each property tax in 76 countries, read from the same tables Freeholt taxes a portfolio with. Each country's page has the full rule and its date.
Rental income and capital gains are shown at a resident's rates. An owner who lives elsewhere can be taxed differently; each country's page says what is modelled.
A ladder's headline is its top rate, and a country with no single rate says so. Estimates for planning, not tax advice.
Set two countries side by sideHow one portfolio can be taxed in three places
| Country | Rental incomewhat the rent is taxed at | Capital gainswhen you sell | Annual property taxevery year you hold it | Duty on purchaseone off, on the way in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antigua & Barbuda | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on the gain itself | 0.30%a year on the property value | 2.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Australia | 45%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | No single rateSet by state or region | 4.5%of the price, on average |
| Austria | 55%at the top of the ladder | 30%a flat rate on the gain | 0.20%a year on the property value | 3.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Bahamas | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 1%a year on the property value | 2.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Bahrain | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 2%of the price, the published rule |
| Belgium | 50%at the top of the ladder | 16.5%a flat rate on the gain | 1.3%a year on the property value | 12%of the price, on average |
| Belize | 3%a flat rate on the rental profit | 0%No tax on residential gains | 1.2%a year on the property value | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| Bermuda | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 7%of the price, on average |
| British Virgin Islands | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | No single rateCharged on rental value | 4%of the price, the published rule |
| Bulgaria | 10%a flat rate on the rental profit | 10%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 3%of the price, on average |
| Canada | 33%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 1.5%of the price, on average |
| Cayman Islands | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0%There is genuinely none | 7.5%of the price, the published rule |
| China | 20%a flat rate on the rental profit | 20%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 2%of the price, on average |
| Costa Rica | 15%a flat rate on the rental profit | 15%a flat rate on the gain | 0.50%a year on the property value | 2.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Croatia | 12%a flat rate on the rental profit | 24%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| Cyprus | 35%at the top of the ladder | 20%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 3%of the price, on average |
| Denmark | 42%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 0.60%of the price, the published rule |
| Dominica | 35%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 2.5%of the price, on average |
| Dominican Republic | 25%a flat rate on the rental profit | 10%a flat rate on the gain | 1%a year on the property value | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| El Salvador | 30%at the top of the ladder | 30%at the shortest holding | Not modelled | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| Estonia | 22%a flat rate on the rental profit | 22%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 0.50%of the price, on average |
| Finland | 34%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| France | 45%at the top of the ladder | 36.2%19% plus 17.2% of surcharges, on every sale | 0.80%a year on the property value | 6.3%of the price, the published rule |
| Germany | 45%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 5%of the price, on average |
| Greece | 45%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0.40%a year on the property value | 3.1%of the price, the published rule |
| Grenada | 30%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on the gain itself | 0.30%a year on the property value | 1%of the price, the published rule |
| Guatemala | 10%a flat rate on the rental profit | 10%a flat rate on the gain | 0.90%a year on the property value | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| Honduras (Roatán) | 25%a flat rate on the rental profit | 10%a flat rate on the gain | 0.30%a year on the property value | 1.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Hong Kong | 15%a flat rate on the rental profit | 0%No tax on residential gains | No single rateCharged on rental value | 4.3%of the price, on average |
| India | 30%at the top of the ladder, on 70% of the profit | 30%at the shortest holding | Not modelled | 6%of the price, on average |
| Indonesia | 10%a flat rate on the rental profit | 2.5%of the sale PRICE, not of the gain | 0.20%a year on the assessed value | 5%of the price, on average |
| Ireland | 40%at the top of the ladder | 33%a flat rate on the gain | 0.18%a year on the property value | 1%of the price, the published rule |
| Israel | No single rateCharged on a scale of its own | 25%a flat rate on the gain | 0%There is genuinely none | No single rateSet by who is buying |
| Italy | 21%a flat rate on the rental profit | 26%a flat rate on the gain | 0.86%a year on the assessed value | 9%of the price, on average |
| Jamaica | 30%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on the gain itself | Not modelled | 0.50%of the price, the published rule |
| Japan | 45%at the top of the ladder | 39.6%at the shortest holding | 1%a year on the property value | 4%of the price, the published rule |
| Kuwait | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0%There is genuinely none | 0.50%of the price, on average |
| Latvia | 33%at the top of the ladder | 25.5%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 1.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Lithuania | 32%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 0.80%of the price, on average |
| Luxembourg | 45.8%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 7%of the price, on average |
| Malaysia | 30%at the top of the ladder | 30%at the shortest holding | No single rateCharged on rental value | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| Malta | 15%a flat rate on the rental profit | 8%of the sale PRICE, not of the gain | Not modelled | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| Mauritius | 20%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on the gain itself | Not modelled | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| Mexico | 35%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0.10%a year on the property value | 3%of the price, on average |
| Netherlands | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0.11%a year on the property value | 8%of the price, the published rule |
| New Zealand | 39%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0%There is genuinely none | 0%No duty on purchase |
| Nicaragua | 30%a flat rate on the rental profit | 15%a flat rate on the gain | 0.80%a year on the property value | 4%of the price, on average |
| Norway | 22%a flat rate on the rental profit | 22%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 2.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Oman | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 3%of the price, the published rule |
| Panama | 25%at the top of the ladder | 10%a flat rate on the gain | 0.60%a year on the property value | 2%of the price, the published rule |
| Philippines | 35%at the top of the ladder | 6%of the sale PRICE, not of the gain | 2%a year on the assessed value | 2.3%of the price, the published rule |
| Poland | 12.5%at the top of the ladder | 19%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 2%of the price, the published rule |
| Portugal | 25%a flat rate on the rental profit | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0.30%a year on the property value | 7.5%of the price, on average |
| Qatar | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0%There is genuinely none | 0.25%of the price, the published rule |
| Romania | 10%a flat rate on the rental profit | 0%No tax on the gain itself | Not modelled | 0.15%of the price, on average |
| Saudi Arabia | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| Seychelles | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0.50%a year on the property value | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| Singapore | 24%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on the gain itself | No single rateCharged on rental value | 6%of the price, the published rule |
| Slovakia | 35%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 0%No duty on purchase |
| Slovenia | 25%a flat rate on the rental profit | 25%at the shortest holding | 0%There is genuinely none | 2%of the price, the published rule |
| South Africa | 45%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0.70%a year on the property value | 5%of the price, the published rule |
| South Korea | 49.5%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0.30%a year on the property value | 2%of the price, on average |
| Spain | 47%at the top of the ladder, on 50% of the profit | 30%top rate on its own scale | 0.66%a year on the assessed value | 8%of the price, on average |
| St Kitts & Nevis | 0%No tax on rental income | 20%a flat rate on the gain | 0.50%a year on the property value | 0%No duty on purchase |
| St Lucia | 30%a flat rate on the rental profit | 0%No tax on the gain itself | 0.50%a year on the property value | 2%of the price, on average |
| Sweden | 30%a flat rate on the rental profit | 22%a flat rate on the gain | Not modelled | 1.5%of the price, the published rule |
| Switzerland | 36%at the top of the ladder | 30%a flat rate on the gain | 0.05%a year on the property value | 1.5%of the price, on average |
| Taiwan | 40%at the top of the ladder | 45%at the shortest holding | 0.40%a year on the property value | 6%of the price, on average |
| Thailand | 35%at the top of the ladder | 0%No tax on the gain itself | 0.30%a year on the property value | 2%of the price, the published rule |
| Trinidad & Tobago | 30%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 5%of the price, on average |
| Türkiye | 40%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 0.20%a year on the assessed value | 4%of the price, the published rule |
| Turks & Caicos | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | Not modelled | 10%of the price, on average |
| United Arab Emirates | 0%No tax on rental income | 0%No tax on residential gains | 0%There is genuinely none | 4%of the price, the published rule |
| United Kingdom | 45%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | Not modelled | 5%of the price, on average |
| United States | 37%at the top of the ladder | No single rateAdded to your other income | 1.1%a year on the property value | 1.5%of the price, on average |
| Vietnam | 10%a flat rate on the rental profit | 2%of the sale PRICE, not of the gain | Not modelled | 0.50%of the price, the published rule |